2 Samuel 19:42

Authorized King James Version

And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel, Because the king is near of kin to us: wherefore then be ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath he given us any gift?

Word-by-Word Analysis

וַיַּעַן֩

H6030

answered

properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,

כָּל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אִ֣ישׁ

H376

And all the men

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

יְהוּדָ֜ה

H3063

of Judah

jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

עַל

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

אִ֣ישׁ

H376

And all the men

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל

H3478

of Israel

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

כִּֽי

H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

קָר֤וֹב

H7138

is near of kin

near (in place, kindred or time)

#10

הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ

H4428

Because the king

a king

#11

אֵלַ֔י

H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

#12

וְלָ֤מָּה

H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

#13

זֶּה֙

H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

#14

חָרָ֣ה

H2734

to us wherefore then be ye angry

to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy

#15

לְךָ֔

#16

עַל

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

#17

הַדָּבָ֖ר

H1697

for this matter

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

#18

הַזֶּ֑ה

H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

#19

אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙

H398

at all

to eat (literally or figuratively)

#20

אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙

H398

at all

to eat (literally or figuratively)

#21

מִן

H4480

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

#22

הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ

H4428

Because the king

a king

#23

אִם

H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

#24

נִשֵּׂ֥את

H5379

us any gift

something taken, i.e., a present

#25

נִשָּׂ֖א

H5375

cost or hath he given

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

#26

לָֽנוּ׃

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 2 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

In what ways does understanding divine revelation in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?
How might the original audience's understanding of divine revelation differ from modern interpretations, and what bridges can be built between ancient meaning and contemporary application?
How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?

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